Our Little Farm

Our extended water holding pool.

One month had passed. We had settled down and are working at full steam. All of us are in very high spirit. Just had a meeting and was happy to announced that we had manage to trim down our monthly expenses and had a slight increase in gross income. Still working to achieve our short term plan of arresting negative cash flow, end of February.
Our daily operation is running smoothly. We normally start off at 7.00 am with watering, follow by harvesting and transplanting. Later part of the day are mostly for maintenance, fertilizing, preparation and etc. Ending the day at about 5.00 pm with another round of watering.
Had already finished off transplanting all the green vegetables. It has freed us from working on a too tight daily schedule and kept us from planting off the full four acres. We should see more progress this month.

Uneven germination of F1 sweet corn.

We had lots of issues in October, after the changes. We had water supply problem, due to the dry weather. We had insects / predator attacks. Soil and plant disease,  some we had solve, some still pending. Our trial plot of brunching onions failed miserably. Only a few managed to germinate and all failed to grow. Our new planting of F1 Sweet corn 45 & 55 days), half failed to germinated. We had planted ground nuts to replaced those that failed to germinate. We had also replaced those died off brinjals (Phytopthora) with pumpkins. It was so hectic like fighting fire, here & there. At least now we can have a breather.
This month we are trying to plant bitter gourd, Ash gourd (F1 early mature new seeds from supplier) and some Bentong Ginger (courtesy of Joseph).

Pumpkins on raised bed and replacement for die-off eggplants.

Our first batch of ginger was harvested and we managed only 35 kilos of harvest. We made a lot of mistakes on this first batch. Biggest mistake was using too 'hot' a fertilizer and it almost killed off the whole batch. We are grateful that we still managed 35 kilos. We also harvested late as we have to wait for those almost died off plant to rejuvenate and the good ones are already too matured. After harvesting we had free up some land. Half had been germinated with Lady's Finger (okra). We had planted some left over shoots and the Bentong ginger on raised bed, within watering range this time. Shall see how it perform.

 Some of the Sayur Manis (Sue Jia Choy) have started to grow. We hope to grow more of these as there are low maintenance and provide regular harvest, even if it's on a lower price.

Did a trial run of Carbonized Rice Husk. It was 'simply' built with whatever that was available from scraps. Managed 2 batches, then the rain started. Shall stop until the rainy days are over.
Rice hulls are composed of 20% inorganic materials and 80% organic materials. The organic fraction of the rice hull includes cellulose and hemicellulose (50%), lignin (26%) and other compounds such as oil and proteins (4%) (de Souza et al., 2002). The high concentration of lignin in rice hulls impedes decomposition processes (more than 4 months) and reduces the bioavailability of the remaining organic components of the rice hull. Biological lignin decomposition is primarily an aerobic process carried out by fungi. The production of carbonized rice hull has been identified as an appropriate method for circumventing this problem. Carbonized rice hull is a crucial ingredient of bokashi organic fertilizer and can also be used in composting toilets and animal bedding. Carbonized rice hull results from the incomplete combustion of rice hulls under high heat and low oxygen conditions (pyrolysis). Pyrolysis causes the decomposition of organic materials such as lignin and cellulose, leaving a residue of carbon and mineral nutrients. Breaking down the lignin accelerates decomposition of the rice hulls and the subsequent release of nutrients. When Carbonized rice hull is incorporated in bokashi organic fertilizer it provides a carbon source for microorganisms to balance the high nitrogen content of the manure. Carbonization conserves the physical structure of the rice hull which provides a colonization site for beneficial microorganisms, contributes to soil permeability and water retention, and improves aeration of the soil. Carbonized rice hulls also contain nutrients such as potassium, phosphorous, calcium, magnesium and other micro-elements.
Stay tune for more news on the second half of the month.

Parcel 2, What A Surprise.

Parcel 2 is one of the least visited Parcel, due to accessibility. The only remaining vehicle (purely 4X4 only) access, is that we have to go out back to the main access road, travel further up, then turn into a primary road. Road condition is purely for 4x4, and if it's wet, better don't even try. When you arrive, you'll need to pass through this door way to enter. Kind of like a tunnel.
This time, we used the 'short cut' from Parcel 1. This road is no longer accessible, we shall drive to the small creek and proceed by foot.

This innocent looking small creek does carry plenty of water when it rain. It run across the access road and crated a deep ravine across the road.

This actually cuts us off, otherwise we would have a nearer access. Shall ponder on this on a later date.

On the lower terrace, this are mostly planted on a latter date. I found only one plant infected by coccidae, black scale. This time we know what to do. Just clean off all the scale.
There are many types of vein type of weeds here. Some are parasitic / invasive.

I have to pry it out as it had embedded itself through the bark of the rubber tree, drawing nutrient from it. I guess it is slowly try to take over the rubber tree. Looks scary to me. Other vein types of weeds include the normal easily disposed type. There was one with sharp thorns.

 On the higher terrace, these were those that were planted in phase one, almost immediate after Parcel 1. Most trees have vigor growth (other than those affected by coccidae).

My surprise came when I notice the trunk size. It is bigger comparatively. All along have the impression that Parcel 1 was doing well and had been using it as the 'yardstick'. Also planning that Parcel 3 should be 'chasing' up to Parcel 1. Now our 'yardstick' shall be Parcel 2.
Had did some result and the average girth size are Year 1 = 5 cm, Year 2 = 10 cm, taken at 1m from ground.
Harvesting can be done when 80 % of the trees have a girth size of 45 cm, 1.5 m from ground or 1.25 m from union (graft joint) (base on yr 2008 study). Got to start collecting some measurement on the next visit.

 My walkabout, found 3 trees with Hevea Bark Necrosis, Trunk Phloem Necrosis (TPN). It's a stress like disease that kills the rubber tree.  One was totally death, but two survived.

I noticed some fungus like growth, common on the 2 survivor. Tried cleaning off the fungus by rubbing them off. Hopefully they shall do better.
After doing our maintenance at Parcel 2, that is fertilizing, pruning and weed control, we immediately sat down to have a meeting to shortlist what we had done to Parcel 2 that is different / same from Parcel 1 and 3. Parcel 2 & 3 has better growth than Parcel 1. The common factors are no banana trees on Parcel 2, Parcel 3 just planted. Used EM with chicken dung & rice husk. Have to verify the banana trees and check on growth rates in Parcel 1 that has no banana trees. Contemplating to re-initiate EM. If we can maintain this growth rate and duplicate it to the other parcel, we can start harvesting sooner.
There are also plenty of idle land in Parcel 2. Due to the accessibility, this shall be taking a back seat. During this trip, I noticed that there are lots of honey bees, maybe a good source of income, if we know how to domesticates them. Our trial sweet potatoes patch was dug up most probably by wild boar.
Looking forward to our next visit.